Refractive index definition, index of refraction. The Refractive Index - n - of a medium is a measure for how much the velocity of light is reduced inside the medium. The velocity of light in a medium can be expressed as n = Sine I / Sine R Where n is the refractive index. For a given material, the refractive index is the ratio between the speed of light in a vacuum (c) and the speed of light in the medium (v). The refractive index of the lens indicates the efficiency of lens material on bending or refracting light. A refractive index is a numerical value that indicates the way in which light will travel through a particular substance in relation to how it travels through a vacuum. Also, a higher refractive index can deal with higher prescription glasses. Refraction is an effect that occurs between transparent materials of different densities. Sine R is the sine of the angle of refraction. In gemology, refractive index is one of the chief means of identifying a gemstone. Sine I is the sine of the angle of incidence, and . Refractive index also called the index of refraction describes how fast light travels through the material. Refractive index is a measure of how light propagates through a material. The refractive index (often abbreviated RI) is an optical property that refers to the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light through a transparent medium. It is defined as: This relationship is also known as Snell’s law. Refractive Index. It is measured using an instrument known as a refractometer.. Determining the refractive index of biological matter is needed for biophotonics applications including laser therapy, optical diagnosis and biomedical imaging. Refractive index is a measure of how much speed of light changes when it enter the medium from air. refractive index The final step in the calculation sequence is to determine the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence / sine of the angle of refraction. A higher refractive index indicates that light is more bended and spends more time on passing through the lens. RI is defined as the ratio of the velocity of light in a vacuum to the velocity of light in a material and is of vital importance in the case of ocular implants. See more. Refractive Index is dimensionless. The higher the refractive index the slower the light travels, which causes a correspondingly increased change in the direction of the light within the material. Refractive Index Formula: The value of this constant, \(\frac{\sin \,i}{\sin \,r}\) for a light ray passing through a vacuum into a given medium is called the refractive index, n of the medium. 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