In his old age, he was under the charms of his concubine, Udaipuri Bai. The army sent against Shuja was trapped in the east, its generals Jai Singh and Dilir Khan submitted to Aurangzeb, but Dara's son, Suleiman Shikoh, escaped. He travelled a long distance to the Deccan to conquer the Marathas and eventually died at the age of 88, still fighting the Marathas. He ordered to dismiss Hindu quanungos and patwaris from revenue administration. However, relations between the Mughal Empire and the Safavid dynasty were tense because the Persians attacked the Mughal army positioned near Kandahar. Thereafter, Shah Jahan appointed him governor of Gujarat where he served well and was rewarded for bringing stability. [81] It may be noted that women, children, elders, the handicapped, the ill, the insane, monks, hermits, slaves, and musta'mins—non-Muslim foreigners who only temporarily reside in Muslim lands were exempted from the jizya. In 1702, Aurangzeb sent Daud Khan Panni, the Mughal Empire's Subhedar of the Carnatic region, to besiege and blockade Fort St. George for more than three months. [173][174][175] In 1705, Guru Gobind Singh sent a letter entitled Zafarnamah, which accused Aurangzeb of cruelty and betraying Islam. Found 1 sentences matching phrase "Aurangzeb".Found in 0 ms. Aurangzeb's valour was appreciated by his father who conferred him the title of Bahadur (Brave) and had him weighed in gold and presented gifts worth Rs. Malayalam. Aurangzeb also sent his general Raja Jai Singh of Amber, a Hindu Rajput, to attack the Marathas. Outraged by the stalemate Aurangzeb himself arrived on 4 September 1686 and commanded the Siege of Bijapur; after eight days of fighting, the Mughals were victorious. On 26 February 1628, Shah Jahan was officially declared the Mughal Emperor, and Aurangzeb returned to live with his parents at Agra Fort, where Aurangzeb received his formal education in Arabic and [99], The 32nd Da'i al-Mutlaq (Absolute Missionary) of the Dawoodi Bohra sect of Musta'lī Islam Syedna Qutubkhan Qutubuddin was executed by Aurangzeb, then governor of Gujarat, for heresy; on 27 Jumadil Akhir 1056 AH (1648 AD), Ahmedabad, India. Early in Aurangzeb's reign, various insurgent groups of Sikhs engaged Mughal troops in increasingly bloody battles. [182], After that the revolt spread, with the Mughals suffering a near total collapse of their authority in the Pashtun belt. His increasing employment of Hindus and Shia Muslims was deemed controversial at the time, with several of his fellow Sunni Muslim officials petitioning against it, which he rejected, and responded, "What connection have earthly affairs with religion? [citation needed], Mughal cannon making skills advanced during the 17th century. [12], He was a notable expansionist; during his reign, the Mughal Empire reached its greatest extent, ruling over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent. A user from Oregon, U.S. says the name Aurangzeb is of Islamic / Muslim origin and means "Best from better". But the Jats once again attempted began their rebellion. Shaista Khan drove into Maratha territory and took up residence in Pune. Gujarat. After twenty-seven days of hard fighting, Bidar was captured by the Mughals and Aurangzeb continued his advance. [73] The chief qazi refusing to crown him in 1659, Aurangzeb had a political need to present himself as a "defender of the sharia" due to popular opposition to his actions against his father and brothers. Mukanddas , without a sign of fear entered the arena where the tiger was pacing. He ordered the subahdars of these provinces to demolish the schools and the temples of non-Muslims. 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